- 1. Josiah was eight years old when he began to reign, and he reigned in Jerusalem one and thirty years.
- 2. And he did that which was right in the sight of the LORD, and walked in the ways of David his father, and declined neither to the right hand, nor to the left.
- 3. For in the eighth year of his reign, while he was yet young, he began to seek after the God of David his father: and in the twelfth year he began to purge Judah and Jerusalem from the high places, and the groves, and the carved images, and the molten images.
- 4. And they brake down the altars of Baalim in his presence; and the images, that were on high above them, he cut down; and the groves, and the carved images, and the molten images, he brake in pieces, and made dust of them, and strawed it upon the graves of them that had sacrificed unto them.
- 5. And he burnt the bones of the priests upon their altars, and cleansed Judah and Jerusalem.
- 6. And so did he in the cities of Manasseh, and Ephraim, and Simeon, even unto Naphtali, with their mattocks round about.
- 7. And when he had broken down the altars and the groves, and had beaten the graven images into powder, and cut down all the idols throughout all the land of Israel, he returned to Jerusalem.
- 8. Now in the eighteenth year of his reign, when he had purged the land, and the house, he sent Shaphan the son of Azaliah, and Maaseiah the governor of the city, and Joah the son of Joahaz the recorder, to repair the house of the LORD his God.
- 9. And when they came to Hilkiah the high priest, they delivered the money that was brought into the house of God, which the Levites that kept the doors had gathered of the hand of Manasseh and Ephraim, and of all the remnant of Israel, and of all Judah and Benjamin; and they returned to Jerusalem.
- 10. And they put it in the hand of the workmen that had the oversight of the house of the LORD, and they gave it to the workmen that wrought in the house of the LORD, to repair and amend the house:
- 11. Even to the artificers and builders gave they it, to buy hewn stone, and timber for couplings, and to floor the houses which the kings of Judah had destroyed.
- 12. And the men did the work faithfully: and the overseers of them were Jahath and Obadiah, the Levites, of the sons of Merari; and Zechariah and Meshullam, of the sons of the Kohathites, to set it forward; and other of the Levites, all that could skill of instruments of musick.
- 13. Also they were over the bearers of burdens, and were overseers of all that wrought the work in any manner of service: and of the Levites there were scribes, and officers, and porters.
- 14. And when they brought out the money that was brought into the house of the LORD, Hilkiah the priest found a book of the law of the LORD given by Moses.
- 15. And Hilkiah answered and said to Shaphan the scribe, I have found the book of the law in the house of the LORD. And Hilkiah delivered the book to Shaphan.
- 16. And Shaphan carried the book to the king, and brought the king word back again, saying, All that was committed to thy servants, they do it.
- 17. And they have gathered together the money that was found in the house of the LORD, and have delivered it into the hand of the overseers, and to the hand of the workmen.
- 18. Then Shaphan the scribe told the king, saying, Hilkiah the priest hath given me a book. And Shaphan read it before the king.
- 19. And it came to pass, when the king had heard the words of the law, that he rent his clothes.
- 20. And the king commanded Hilkiah, and Ahikam the son of Shaphan, and Abdon the son of Micah, and Shaphan the scribe, and Asaiah a servant of the king
- 21. Go, enquire of the LORD for me, and for them that are left in Israel and in Judah, concerning the words of the book that is found: for great is the wrath of the LORD that is poured out upon us, because our fathers have not kept the word of the LORD, to do after all that is written in this book.
- 22. And Hilkiah, and they that the king had appointed, went to Huldah the prophetess, the wife of Shallum the son of Tikvath, the son of Hasrah, keeper of the wardrobe; (now she dwelt in Jerusalem in the college:) and they spake to her to that effect.
- 23. And she answered them, Thus saith the LORD God of Israel, Tell ye the man that sent you to me,
- 24. Thus saith the LORD, Behold, I will bring evil upon this place, and upon the inhabitants thereof, even all the curses that are written in the book which they have read before the king of Judah:
- 25. Because they have forsaken me, and have burned incense unto other gods, that they might provoke me to anger with all the works of their hands; therefore my wrath shall be poured out upon this place, and shall not be quenched.
- 26. And as for the king of Judah, who sent you to enquire of the LORD, so shall ye say unto him, Thus saith the LORD God of Israel concerning the words which thou hast heard;
- 27. Because thine heart was tender, and thou didst humble thyself before God, when thou heardest his words against this place, and against the inhabitants thereof, and humbledst thyself before me, and didst rend thy clothes, and weep before me; I have even heard thee also, saith the LORD.
- 28. Behold, I will gather thee to thy fathers, and thou shalt be gathered to thy grave in peace, neither shall thine eyes see all the evil that I will bring upon this place, and upon the inhabitants of the same. So they brought the king word again.
- 29. Then the king sent and gathered together all the elders of Judah and Jerusalem.
- 30. And the king went up into the house of the LORD, and all the men of Judah, and the inhabitants of Jerusalem, and the priests, and the Levites, and all the people, great and small: and he read in their ears all the words of the book of the covenant that was found in the house of the LORD.
- 31. And the king stood in his place, and made a covenant before the LORD, to walk after the LORD, and to keep his commandments, and his testimonies, and his statutes, with all his heart, and with all his soul, to perform the words of the covenant which are written in this book.
- 32. And he caused all that were present in Jerusalem and Benjamin to stand to it. And the inhabitants of Jerusalem did according to the covenant of God, the God of their fathers.
- 33. And Josiah took away all the abominations out of all the countries that pertained to the children of Israel, and made all that were present in Israel to serve, even to serve the LORD their God. And all his days they departed not from following the LORD, the God of their fathers.
1-7.- В отличие от 4 Царств 2Пар в самом начале повествования о царствовании Иссии говорит - хоть не столь подробно, как в (4Цар 23:4-20), - о предпринятом Иосией очищении культа путем удаления всех принадлежностей и остатков идолослужения.
О неодинаковой последовательности рассказа об Иосии в 4Цар и 2Пар см. прииеч. к (4Цар 22:1-2); Толков. Библия, т. II.8-21.- Сказанное здесь об обстоятельствах открытия "книги закона Господня, данной рукою Моисеи" (ст. 14), о впечатлении, произведенном чтением ее на царя, имеет почти дословное сходство с (4Цар 22:3-13) О значении самого события см. примеч. к последнему месту в Толков. Библии, т. II.
Частные отличия рассказа 2Пар от повествования 4Цар в данном разделе характеризуют большую документальность первого. Так, во 2Пар ст. и царь посылает в храм с серебром не одного писца Шафана (4Цар 22:3), а кроме того еще градоначальника (евр. сар-гаир) Маасею и дееписателя (докладчика, евр. мазкир) Иоаха, что, видимо, требовалось важностью поручения. В ст. 12 поименно названы надзиратели за производимыми в храме работами. В ст. 14 со всей конкретной точностью сообщается, что книга закона была найдена, "когда вынимали серебро, принесенное в дом Господень" (в (4Цар 22:8) сказано общо: "книгу закона нашел (Хелкия) в доме Господнем").15-17.- почти дословно сходны с 8-9 ст. 4 Царств 22 гл.; только в ст. 16 добавлено: "все, что поручено рабам твоим, они делают". (LXX, слав. неудачно: παν το δοθεν αργυριον χειπι των παιδων σου των ποιουντων; слав.: все сребро дано в руки рабов твоих, творящих дела).18-21.- также почти дословно сходны с (4Цар 22:10-13); только в ст. 20 в числе посольства к Олдане назван "Авдон", в 4Цар ст. 12 - "Ахбор" (в обеих рецензиях: "сын Михея"); несомненно, - имя одного и того же лица; в ст. 21: "несоблюдали" (ло-шамеру) вместо стоящего в (4Цар 22:13): "не слушали" (ло-шамеу).22-25.- равным образом совершенно соответствуют (4Цар 22:14-17); есть лишь стилистические отличия, напр., в ст. 25 (как и в 21): "излился (евр. титтах) гнев" вместо стоящего в (4Цар 22:17) - "воспылал (ниццета) гнев".
Обращение почтенного посольства во главе с первосвященником к Олдане (евр. Гулда), помимо пророков, между которыми уже начали тогда деятельность пророки Иеремия (см. (Иер 1:1) и Софония (Соф 1:1), говорит о высоком авторитете этой женщины-пророчицы, действительно произнесшей замечательное пророчество о судьбе народа Божия (ст. 23-28). Пользуясь высоким уважением при жизни, Олдана и по смерти была удостоена особенной чести: по раввинскому преданию, она была погребена в сенах самого Иерусалима (см. архим. Никифора, Библейская Энциклопедия. Вып. III (М. 1892), стр. 88).26-28.- Сн. (4Цар 22:18-20) Обещание пророчицы Иосии: "положен будешь в гробницу твою в мире" (ст. 28; (4Цар 22:20) нельзя считать несбывшимся ввиду насильственной - при столкновении с фараоном Нехао - смерти Иосии (2Пар 35:23-24); (4Цар 23:29), - нельзя потому, что в словах Олданы разумеется не личный мир царя, а мир и (хотя бы относительное) благоденствие всего царства Иудейского при Иосии до последних дней его жизни: политические осложнения, приведшие царство Иудейское к роковому концу, начались уже по смерти Иосии.29-32.- Сн. (4Цар 23:1-3)33.сжато еще раз повторяет - см. выше, ст. 3-7 - сообщение о произведенной Иосией реформе культа путем полного удаления всех принадлежностей идолослужения (сн. (3Цар 23:4-20).
